Ohio State Taxes: Key Insights and Filing Tips 2024

Filing taxes can indeed be a daunting task — more so for residents of Ohio who have to navigate their state's unique tax system. This guide aims to help you understand Ohio State taxes — from intricate details to crucial filing tips for 2024.

We recognize the distress and drawbacks taxpayers face due to a lack of clarity and transparency in tax processes.

We'll simplify tax complexity, address frequently encountered problems, and give you the best ways to manage your taxes efficiently.

This article covers key insights into Ohio's tax structure, filing deadlines, penalty implications for late filing, and the benefits of timely filing.

We'll also provide information on the state's tax brackets, tax deductions, and credits that you might not be aware of, maximizing your tax savings. Be it the individual income tax, sales and use taxes, or property taxes — we have got you covered.

Understanding Ohio State Taxes

The tax system in Ohio is fairly complex, with multiple tax brackets based on income levels. It's vital to understand these brackets and how they apply to you. Here's a quick overview:

• Ohio's income tax rates range from 0% to 3.99%, depending on the taxpayer's income.
• There are several deductions and exemptions available that can lower your taxable income.
• Ohio also imposes a sales tax rate of 5.75%, which is added to the cost of many goods and services purchased within the state.
• Property taxes in Ohio are primarily paid by homeowners and are based on the value of the property.

Now, let's delve deeper into each of these categories and the strategies one can employ to manage them efficiently.

Ohio Income Tax

Ohio operates on a progressive income tax system, meaning the tax rate increases as the taxable income increases.

Under the new law, there will be only three tax brackets and the highest rate will be 3.75%. Once fully phased in for 2024, there will be two tax brackets and the highest rate will be 3.50%. Taxpayers earning $26,050 or less will be exempt from paying any Ohio income taxes.

Business income will still be taxed at 3.00% for amounts over $125,000 filing single or $250,000 filing jointly.

2024 tax brackets for individual taxpayers are as follows:

Income	Tax Rate
$26,050 or less	0%
$26,051 – $100,000	2.75%
Over $100,000	3.50%

Ohio Sales Tax

In addition to income tax, Ohio residents also need to consider the sales tax imposed on goods and services. The standard sales tax rate in Ohio is 5.75%. This applies to the majority of purchases made within the state, though there are some exceptions. Here's a breakdown:

• The primary sales tax rate is 5.75% for most items.
• Certain items, like prescription drugs and food meant for home consumption, are exempt from sales tax.
• Some counties and municipalities may impose additional local sales taxes. The highest possible total sales tax rate, including local taxes, can go up to 8%.

Be mindful of rates as they can impact your total costs and budget.

Ohio Property Tax

Property tax in Ohio is another significant component of the state tax system. This is a local tax, meaning it's administered by individual counties rather than the state government. The tax rate varies by location, with each county setting its own rate. However, it's generally based on the assessed value of the property.

• Residential property is typically assessed at 35% of its fair market value.
• The average property tax rate in Ohio is about 1.57%, but rates can vary from county to county.
• In some counties, homeowners may qualify for a homestead exemption, which reduces the property's taxable value and can result in lower property taxes.
• Certain types of property, such as agricultural land or historical buildings, may qualify for special tax incentives or reductions.

Understanding these various tax rates and how they apply to your specific situation is an integral step in effective financial planning in Ohio.

Filing Ohio State Taxes Efficiently

Strategically managing your state taxes can make a significant difference in your overall financial health. Here are a few tips for filing Ohio State Taxes efficiently:

• Keep track of your income and expenses: This allows you to accurately calculate your taxable income and ensures that you're not overpaying or underpaying.
• Understand and utilize deductions and exemptions: Knowing how these work and which ones apply to you can significantly reduce your tax liability.
• Seek professional help when essential: While understanding the basics is crucial, a tax professional can help you navigate more complex aspects of the tax system.
• File your taxes on time: Late filing can result in penalties and interest, increasing your tax burden. Ohio's tax filing deadline typically falls on April 15, but it may vary if this date falls on a weekend or public holiday.

Online Tax Filing in Ohio

In today's digital age, the Ohio Department of Taxation offers multiple online services to make the filing process easier and more convenient. Let's explore some of these services:

• The Ohio Business Gateway allows businesses to file sales, employer withholding, and various other tax returns electronically.
• The Online Services for Individuals allows Ohio residents to file personal income tax returns, make payments, and check the status of refunds.
• Ohio I-File is a free, secure, and user-friendly electronic filing system available for most Ohio residents.

Remember, online filing provides several benefits such as quicker processing of returns, faster refunds, and the ability to track your submission status in real time. Also, it reduces the risk of errors compared to paper filing.

Tax Credits and Incentives in Ohio

Ohio also offers various tax credits and incentives that residents should take advantage of to lower their tax liability. These include:

• The Ohio Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC): This credit targets low to moderate-income working individuals and families, helping to reduce their state tax bill.
• The Ohio Historical Preservation Tax Credit Program: This program provides tax credits for the rehabilitation of historic structures.
• The Ohio Job Creation Tax Credit: This incentive rewards businesses that expand or locate in Ohio and create jobs.
• The Ohio Motion Picture Tax Credit: This credit encourages film and video production in the state by giving tax breaks to production companies.

How Ohio's Tax System Impacts Business

For businesses, understanding Ohio's tax system is vital for maintaining compliance and optimizing financial planning. Here are some taxes that businesses in Ohio have to consider:

Corporate franchise tax

While Ohio has phased out this tax for most businesses, some financial institutions still have to pay it. It is based on the net worth or the net income of the financial institution.

Commercial Activity Tax (CAT)

Ohio CAT will provide a $1 million annual exemption for taxable gross receipts until 2024. After 2024, a $3 million exemption will take effect for taxable gross receipts and increase to $6 million in 2025. Calculated taxes will only apply to amounts above the exemption. 90% of Ohio businesses are projected to no longer pay CAT after 2024.

Employer Withholding Tax

Ohio businesses are responsible for withholding state income tax from their employees' wages and remitting it to the state. The withholding rates are the same as the personal income tax rates listed above and vary based on income levels.

Elective Pass-Through Entity (PTE) Tax

Ohio adopted an elective PTE tax as a "workaround" to the federal tax cap in 2022. However, the law changes for 2023. Ohio residents can claim a credit for PTE taxes paid to other states or D.C. for taxable years ending on or after January 1, 2023. Taxpayers may also use these provisions for taxable years ending on or after January 1, 2022 on a filed or amended return.

Sales and use tax

Businesses selling goods and services that are subject to sales tax must collect these taxes from their customers and remit them to the state. They also need to pay use taxes on taxable goods and services purchased without sales tax, such as items bought from an out-of-state supplier.

Understanding Ohio's tax system and remaining compliant with its tax laws can often be complex and time-consuming. Therefore, Ohio businesses might benefit from seeking expert advice or using tax software to save time and ensure accuracy.

What Forms Are Needed To File Ohio State Taxes?

No matter whether you are an individual taxpayer or a business, the correct tax forms are needed for filing state taxes in Ohio. Here are some of the primary tax forms:

Form IT 1040

This is the Ohio Individual Income Tax Return, which most residents will use to file their state income taxes. For joint filers or families, the form includes a schedule for claiming dependents.

Form SD 100

The Ohio School District Income Tax Return (Form SD 100) is used by residents who live in a school district that levies a school district income tax.

Form IT BUS

Form IT BUS is for individuals who need to report business income that is not reported anywhere else on their Ohio income tax return.

Form IT 1040ES

This form is for those who need to make estimated tax payments throughout the year. If you anticipate owing $500 or more in taxes, you are required to make quarterly estimated tax payments using this form.

Form CAT 12

Form CAT 12 is used by businesses to pay the Commercial Activity Tax (CAT) mentioned earlier. Businesses with gross receipts over $150,000 must file this form.

Form UUT 1

Form UUT 1 is used by telecommunications businesses to pay the state's Utility Tax.

Form FT 1120

Financial institutions use Form FT 1120 to pay the corporation franchise tax, if applicable.

Note: Ohio taxpayers must check the state website or consult a tax professional for the forms and schedules needed, as these may vary depending on the unique tax situation.

What Is the Deadline for Filing Ohio State Taxes?

The deadline to file your Ohio state taxes for the year 2024 will typically be on April 15, unless that date falls on a weekend or holiday. In such instances, the deadline would be the next business day. Always check with the Ohio Department of Taxation for any updates or changes to the filing schedule.

It's important to note that an extension to file is not an extension to pay any taxes owed. Any owed taxes are still due by the original April deadline to avoid interest and penalties. If you cannot pay your full tax bill by the due date, you can set up a payment plan or installment agreement with the Ohio Department of Taxation.

Penalties for late filing

If you pay late, you will be charged double the interest rate. If you file late, you will be charged the greater of either 5% of the amount of tax due or $50 per month for the duration the return is late, with a maximum penalty of 50% of the tax due or $500, even if this results in a refund.

Where Can I Get Help With Ohio State Taxes?

If you require assistance with Ohio state taxes, you have several resources available:

Ohio Department of Taxation

The Ohio Department of Taxation's website provides a wealth of information on Ohio's tax laws, filing requirements, and deadlines. You can also download tax forms and find answers to common tax questions.

Tax professionals

You can enlist the help of a certified public accountant (CPA), tax attorney, or enrolled agent, all of whom can provide expert guidance and help you navigate Ohio's tax laws. They can also represent you in front of the IRS if necessary.

Tax software

Several tax software programs can help you prepare and file your Ohio state taxes. These programs can guide you through the tax preparation process and provide tools for determining deductions, credits, and other tax-saving opportunities. Popular options include TurboTax, H&R Block, and TaxAct.

Free tax preparation services

For eligible taxpayers, free tax preparation services are available. The IRS's Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) and Tax Counseling for the Elderly (TCE) programs offer free tax help for those who qualify. In Ohio, The Ohio Benefit Bank also provides free tax assistance for low-to-moderate-income residents.

Legal aid

Legal aid societies across Ohio also offer assistance with tax issues, particularly for low-income taxpayers facing legal issues related to their taxes. It's always best to consult with a professional if you're unsure about any aspect of your taxes.

How Do I Pay My Ohio State Taxes?

There are several ways you can pay your Ohio state taxes:

Online payments

The Ohio Department of Taxation website allows individuals and businesses to make tax payments online. You can pay using a credit card, debit card, or bank transfer.

Check or money order

You can also choose to mail a check or money order to the Ohio Department of Taxation. Be sure to include your Social Security Number or Business Identification Number and the tax year on the check or money order.

Direct pay

For federal taxes, you can use the IRS's Direct Pay service to pay directly from your checking or savings account for free.

Electronic funds transfer

Businesses can make payments using Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT). This allows for secure, efficient, and accurate tax payments, ensuring the funds reach the Ohio Department of Taxation on time.

Payment plan

If you cannot pay your full tax bill by the due date, you can apply for a payment plan or installment agreement with the Ohio Department of Taxation. Be aware, however, that you may still accrue interest and penalties until your tax bill is paid in full.

Tax software payments

If you're using tax software to file your Ohio state taxes, you may have the option to pay your taxes directly through the platform. Check your software for specific payment options and details.

What Are the Steps To File Ohio State Taxes?

Filing Ohio state taxes follows a straightforward process. Here is the complete guide.

For direct online payment via electronic check or bank account

To submit payment to the Ohio Tax Department, create an Online Services account with a copy of your most recent Ohio Tax Return. If you already have an account, log in and select "ePayment". Your payment is typically processed within 24 hours of your chosen date; make sure sufficient funds are available at that time. Payments may also be postponed until your due date. Your bank statement will indicate payment by displaying "STATE OF OHIO".

For credit or debit card payment

Note: In the case you choose this method of payment, a convenience fee of 2.5% of the payment or $1 (the greater amount) will be charged. The Ohio state tax agency will not receive this fee. It will appear as two separate entries: the payment and the convenience fee.

Submit a tax payment via the Official Payments site.

1. Select either "Personal Income Tax Return - Filing Individually" or "Personal Income Tax Return - Filing Jointly" and follow the prompts to enter and submit payment and personal info (e.g. Payment Amount, Credit/Debit type, SSN, Tax Year, Form Type).
2. Have the following information at hand:
   i. Ohio jurisdiction code (6446)
   ii. SSN (and spouse's SSN if joint payment)
   iii. Tax Year
   iv. Credit/Debit card
   v. School district number (if submitting school district income tax payment).

Payment takes effect on the date authorized; you cannot select future or reverse action. Penalties, interest, and fees may apply if payment is reversed. Upon submitting payment, you will receive a confirmation number for your records.

For check or money orders with Form IT-40P

Complete Form IT-40P and send your check or money order, payable to "Ohio Treasurer of State," with the last four digits of your Social Security number and the tax payment period noted in the memo line. Mail to the address listed on the Form IT-40P.

For online IRS tax payment options

IRS tax payments can be made online pre- or post-e-filing. These include tax extensions and estimates, which don't require a separate form.

Frequently Asked Questions

What do I do if I can't pay my tax debt in full?

If you cannot pay the full amount of tax you owe, you may be eligible for a payment plan through the Ohio Department of Taxation. Contact them to determine your options and set up a plan.

How do I find out if I qualify for any tax credits or deductions?

Each tax situation is unique, so it's recommended to consult with tax professionals or use reliable tax software to help determine if you're eligible for any tax credits or deductions. And always remember to keep detailed financial records to support your claims.

What happens if I miss the tax filing deadline?

If you fail to file your Ohio state tax return by the due date, you may be subject to penalties and interest. If you think you won't be able to file on time, it is important to apply for an extension through the Ohio Department of Taxation's website. Extensions allow you extra time to file, but not to pay any tax owed. It is therefore advisable to pay as much as you can to minimize interest and penalties.

How do I check the status of my Ohio state tax return?

You can check the status of your Ohio state tax return by visiting the Ohio Department of Taxation's website and clicking on the "Check My Refund Status" link. You will need to provide your Social Security number and the amount of your expected refund.

Can I e-file my Ohio state tax return?

Yes, the Ohio Department of Taxation allows residents to e-file their state tax returns. E-filing is a fast, secure, and efficient way to file your taxes. You can e-file your return directly from the Ohio Department of Taxation's website or use certified tax preparation software. When e-filing, you'll receive a confirmation of your submission and you can easily track the status of your return.

Can I amend my Ohio state tax return?

Yes, if you find an error or omission in your filed state tax return, you can file an amended return using Form IT-1040X. This form and instructions for filling it out can be found on the Ohio Department of Taxation's website. The process may take longer than a standard return, so it's advised to file as soon as possible if you discover a mistake.